学术英语演讲(南京航空航天大学) 中国大学mooc慕课答案2024版 m108876

1. Course Introduction课程介绍 第一单元课后测验

1、 What is the main teaching objective of this course?

答案: To prepare the students for their academic presentations at international conferences.

2、 According to the teacher, why do the students of English class rarely volunteer to answer questions even when they know the answers?

答案: Because the students are not very confident in their oral English and they lack practice in public speaking.

3、 Which one of the following clearly states the three modules of this online course?

答案: Academic presentation structure; public speaking skills; presentation delivery.

4、 What are the usual components of an academic presentation?

答案: Introduction ;
Methodology;
Results and Discussion;
Conclusion

2. Nervousness Management 紧张情绪管理 第二单元课后测验

1、 Why the title of this unit is “manage nervousness” instead of “overcome nervousness”?

答案: Because the truth is that the nervousness one has during public speaking can not be eliminated.

2、 Physiologically, why do we experience nervousness?

答案: Nervousness is felt because our body protection system is trying to tell us to run away from danger due to the imbalanced power distribution between the speaker and the audience 

3、 How should we draw a mind-map in our preparation for the speech?

答案: Divide the whole speech into different chunks of information in your mind, put the chunks in a certain sequence and name each chunk with a question. 

4、 Which following methods are going to help you manage your nervousness for public speaking?

答案: Warm up your body and your vocal before your speech.;
Practice your speech loudly in front of your friends or a mirror before your presentation.;
Re-frame your speech as question-answering. 

3. Engaging Presentation 引人入胜的演讲 第三单元课后测验

1、 Which does a “rhetorical” question mean?

答案: It refers to the questions that you ask and answer by yourself.

2、 According to one prominent model, spoken English can be divided into intimate, casual, consultative, formal, and frozen, what is the linguistic term to refer to these five kinds of spoken English?

答案: Register

3、 According to the teacher, why is “code-switching” (here it refers to a mix-use of formal and informal registers)  popular in academic presentations?

答案: It can create contrast and add more variety to the language one uses in the academic presentation. 

4、 Which of the following ways are mentioned in this unit as effective methods to add more variety to your presentation and make it more engaging?

答案: Use different modes of communication in your presentation, especially in the beginning. ;
Mix the formal and informal register of spoken English in your speech to add more variety to the language. ;
Change the volume, pace, and tone of your speech according to the importance of the messages. 

4. Effective Communication 有效沟通 第四单元课后测试

1、 In order to reach effective communication, from which three perspectives should we set our goals of presentation?

答案: Information, emotion, and action.

2、 What kind of structure in an academic presentation can help us reach effective communication?

答案: A customized, simplified, and question-oriented structure based on your paper layout.

3、 How is the “speaker” in an academic presentation similar to a “tour guide”?

答案: Both of them need to tell people the “destinations” in advance to ensure that they feel safe to “follow”.

4、 In order to reach effective communication, what questions need to be addressed in the introduction part of an academic presentation?

答案: What’s the research question?;
Why is it so important?;
What’s your proposal?;
What’s your agenda for the presentation?

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额外题目答案：

第4章

4.1

1. 一. 判断题（共8题）

1

判断题Academic reading is identical to general reading.错

A

对

B

错

2

判断题Academic reading is discipline-specific, purposeful, and critical.对

A

对

B

错

3

判断题The purpose of reading affects how I read an academic text.对

A

对

B

错

4

判断题The key purpose of academic reading is the acquisition and construction of subject knowledge.对

A

对

B

错

5

判断题When reading academic texts, my purpose is likely to be: to get information, and to understand the author’s viewpoint.对

A

对

B

错

6

判断题Academic reading can’t be learnt and improved through practice and guidance.错

A

对

B

错

7

判断题Academic reading and writing are intrinsically linked.对

A

对

B

错

8

判断题Journal articles, book chapters, and conference proceedings are typical examples of academic materials.对

Task 2

题量: 1 满分: 100.0

1. 一. 多选题（共1题）

1

多选题In this task, you are going to skim Text 1 For Skimming Exercise (You can find the text below). Use the steps as they were described in the video. Then, choose from the following parts that you looked at during your skimming. You may choose more than one answers to this question.ABC

A

Title and section headings

B

Key words or repeated words

C

First paragraph of each section

D

Detailed descriptions of tables and figures

Task 3

题量: 7 满分: 100.0

TASK 3

1. 一. 判断题（共7题）

判断题

正确处“√”。

You now know how to scan text. With that information in mind, have a look at the questions below.

You will now see a section from a text about gender inequality and health. Scan Text 2 For Scanning exercise and use the steps you have seen in the video. Set the time for 5 minutes. Once you are done, look at the statements below and see if you can determine whether they are true or false.对

A

对

B

错

2

判断题Men and women have different jobs and that results in differential exposure to disease.对

A

对

B

错

3

判断题Men more often have respiratory problems because of their work.对

A

对

B

错

4

判断题Caregivers often have more symptoms of depression when they care for physically disabled people.对

A

对

B

错

5

判断题Men experience negative health outcomes due to some notions of masculinity.对

A

对

B

错

6

判断题Masculine behavior is a major cause for death for both men and women.错

A

对

B

错

7

判断题High school girls in Managua participate less in physical activities because of the existing gender norms.对

A

对

B

错

4.2

Task 1

题量: 3 满分: 100.0

1. 一. 单选题（共3题）

1

单选题Which of the following is not a supporting detail?A

A

A summary of the whole text.

B

An explanation of the reasons why something is true.

2

单选题

Supporting details help you to understand _______B

A

why you are reading a text.

B

the reasons for the writer’s opinions.

3

单选题It helps if you know that examples and reasons are usually _______B

A

main points.

B

supporting details.

Task 2

题量: 1 满分: 100.0

1. 一. 排序题（共1题）

1

排序题

Match the paragraphs below with the topic sentences.

1.      _______ No-one is expecting an interviewee to grin manically throughout the interview, but there’s nothing worse than a blank or worried expression. Here’s an old trick: looking up at the ceiling and raising your eyebrows just before entering the interview room will relax your face.

1.      _______ Interviewers spend all day listening to answers to the same set of questions, and so they would appreciate someone who is concise. Also, digressing into an anecdote about your Aunt Sandy doesn’t say much for your ability to focus on one task. If you have a relevant story to tell, practice it until you can deliver it in as few words as possible.

1.      _______ Scratching the nose or breaking eye contact, for example, are both sure signs that the interviewee is not being entirely honest. Someone who does not sit straight might be lazy, while someone who sits too straight is probably not creative. These are subjective and perhaps hasty judgements, but interviewers are human, like everyone else.

A.

 Your face should be open and friendly, inviting conversation from the interviewer.

B.

 Small details, such as posture, or the way you hold your head, have a greater impact than you can imagine.

C.

Candidates should keep their answers to the point, without being monosyllabic.

答案：请在下方下拉框中对选项进行排序顺序为：从左向右

答案：A、C、B

4.3

Task 1

题量: 1 满分: 100.0

1. 一. 完型填空（共1题）

1

完型填空

The first adding machine, a precursor of the digital computer, was    1    in 1642 by the French philosopher Blaise Pascal. This    2    employed a series of ten-toothed wheels, each tooth representing a digit from 0 to    3   . The wheels were connected so that numbers could be    4    to each other by advancing the wheels by a correct number of teeth. In the 1670s the German philosopher and    5    Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz improved on this machine by devising one that could also    6   .

The French inventor Joseph Marie Jacquard, in designing an automatic loom, used thin, perforated    7    boards to control the weaving of complicated designs. During the 1880s the American statistician Herman Hollerith    8    the idea of using perforated cards, similar to Jacquard’s boards, for processing data. Employing a system that    9    punched cards over electrical contacts, he was able to    10    statistical information for the 1890 United States census.

(1)

A

devised

B

broken

C

stopped

D

deleted

(2)

A

country

B

place

C

date

D

device

(3)

A

1963

B

number

C

London

D

9

(4)

A

closed

B

made

C

lost

D

added

(5)

A

mathematician

B

cook

C

student

D

sailor

(6)

A

multiply

B

drink

C

eat

D

add

(7)

A

paper

B

thick

C

wooden

D

big

(8)

A

prevented

B

lost

C

conceived     

D

came

(9)

A

passed

B

devised

C

made

D

started

(10)

A

invent

B

compile

C

divide

D

Eat

完形填空答案：

(1)A
(2)D
(3)B
(4)D
(5)A
(6)A
(7)C
(8)C
(9)B
(10)B

task 2

题量: 2 满分: 100.0

1. 一. 简答题（共2题）

1

简答题

Read the diagram below and answer the questions. By answering these questions, you’ll see how much information can be gleaned from the diagram.

Question 1:

What information does this graph provide? (Note the labels in the X and Y Axis, as well as the location of the “Profit Target” line.)

填写答案:简答题无标准答案，请自行作答

2

简答题

Question 2:

What does this graph tell you about the performance of the three products over the course of a year?

填写答案：简答题无标准答案，请自行作答

4.4

Task 1

题量: 5 满分: 100.0

1. 一. 单选题（共5题）

1

单选题Alligators provide no physical care for their young.A

A

Fact

B

Opinion

2

单选题

Humans should be concerned about the use of pesticides that kill insects at the bottom of the food chain.A

A

Fact

B

Opinion

3

单选题

There are 28 more humans living on the Earth now than there were 10 seconds ago.A

A

Fact

B

Opinion

4

单选题We must bear greater responsibility for the environment than our ancestors did.B

A

Fact

B

Opinion

5

单选题

Nuclear power is the only viable solution to our dwindling natural resources.B

A

Fact

B

Opinion

Task 2

题量: 1 满分: 100.0

1. 一. 完型填空（共1题）

1

完型填空

Distinguishing between Fact and Opinion in the paragraph below.

   1    Flowering plants that are native to the South include purple coneflower and rose verbena.    2    In the view of many longtime gardeners, these two plants are an essential part of the Southern landscape.    3    Trees that are native to the South include a variety of oaks, as well as flowering dogwoods and redbuds.    4    Dogwoods are especially lovely, with their white, pink, or coral blossoms announcing the arrival of spring.    5    For fall color, the deep red of the Virginia willow makes a spectacular show in the native Southern garden.

(1)

A

Fact

B

Opinion

(2)

A

Fact

B

Opinion

(3)

A

Fact

B

Opinion

(4)

A

Fact

B

Opinion

(5)

A

Fact

B

Opinion

完形填空答案：

(1)A
(2)B
(3)A
(4)A
(5)A

Task 3

题量: 6 满分: 100.0

1. 一. 简答题（共6题）

1

简答题

Have a look at the text Millennials in the Workplace in the supplematary material. Then answer the following questions about this article.

Tip: use these questions when evaluating your own sources as well.

Question 1:

Is the methodology used in the research described clearly? Does the author acknowledge any weaknesses in the methodology? Can you see any weaknesses?

填写答案：简答题无标准答案，请自行作答

2

简答题

Question 2:

 How strong is the evidence? Is there any obvious influence or bias?

填写答案：简答题无标准答案，请自行作答

3

简答题

Question 3:

Are the interpretations made reasonable? Do they clearly link to the evidence presented?

填写答案：简答题无标准答案，请自行作答

4

简答题

Question 4:

How does the study fit in with other research on the subject? Does this study support other research or does it contradict it?

填写答案：简答题无标准答案，请自行作答

5

简答题

Question 5:

Am I prepared to support the author’s claims?

填写答案：简答题无标准答案，请自行作答

6

简答题

Question 6:

Suppose that you are writing an analytical paper about baby boomers currently still in the workplace. You are discussing their views on and current challenges during work in the last years of their career before retirement. Which information from the article on Millennials in the Workplace would you select to use in your paper?

填写答案：简答题无标准答案，请自行作答

第五章

5.1

Assignment4.1

题量: 2 满分: 100.0

1. 一. 单选题（共1题）

1

单选题Which of the following statements about abstract is incorrect?B.

A

An abstract lets readers get the gist or essence of your paper or article quickly, in order to decide whether to read the full paper.

B

The function of an abstract is to evaluate or defend the paper.

C

An abstract should be an independent, self-contained text.

D

The abstract provides general categories rather than specific details in the findings.

1. 二. 排序题（共1题）

2

排序题

Please put the following sentences into the correct order.

A.

We find that climate-adaptive fisheries reforms will be necessary but insufficient to maintain global seafood production per capita, even with aggressive reductions in greenhouse-gas emissions. However, the potential for sustainable mariculture to increase seafood per capita is vast and could increase seafood production per capita under all but the most severe emissions scenario. These increases are contingent on fisheries reforms, continued advances in feed technology and the establishment of effective mariculture governance and best practices.

B.

Here we investigated whether coordinated reforms in fisheries and mariculture could increase seafood production per capita under climate change.

C.

As the human population and demand for food grow, the ocean will be called on to provide increasing amounts of seafood. Although fisheries reforms and advances in offshore aquaculture (hereafter ‘mariculture’) could increase production, the true future of seafood depends on human responses to climate change.

D.

Furthermore, dramatically curbing emissions is essential for reducing inequities, increasing reform efficacy and mitigating risks unaccounted for in our analysis. Although climate change will challenge the ocean’s ability to meet growing food demands, the ocean could produce more food than it does currently through swift and ambitious action to reduce emissions, reform capture fisheries and expand sustainable mariculture operations.

答案：请在下方下拉框中对选项进行排序顺序为：从左向右

答案：CBA

5.2

Assignment4.2

题量: 2 满分: 100.0

1. 一. 单选题（共2题）

1

单选题Which of the following statements about the Introduction section is incorrect?

A

Strong introductions engage the reader, provide a context for the topic, and orient the reader to the direction the research paper will take.D

B

The moves in an introduction show to the reader the purpose and value of examining a topic.

C

Claiming centrality is to show the importance of the topic by illustrating its necessity (or newness, intricacy, prevalence, challenge) either in the real world or in the research community.

D

The first job of the Introduction section is to present your research question clearly and directly, with a minimum of discussion at this point.

2

单选题Which of the following sentences can be used to indicate a gap?C

A

Researchers have also been interested in the variations of RA abstracts across disciplines, since the very nature of academic texts, be it structural, meta-discoursal or lexico-grammatical, might be shaped by disciplinary features (Hyland, 2000).

B

The three minute thesis (3MT) presentation is a relatively new genre which has emerged in the increasingly competitive and high-pressure atmosphere of the modern academy.  

C

However, despite the strong research base that the study of disciplinary variation in RAs has helped develop, most of the literature in this area has primarily focused on the rhetorical moves of different parts of the RA, and less attention has been paid to the linguistic features frequently associated with these moves.  

D

Firstly, we aim to discern to what extent Turkish doctoral students at literature departments differ from their counterparts at British universities in addressing the interna- tional research community.

5.3

Assignment4.3

题量: 2 满分: 100.0

1. 一. 单选题（共1题）

1

单选题Which of the following statements about the Results section is incorrect? C

A

The research paper results section should include everything that will justify your claims adequately.

B

In quantitative research, it’s helpful to include visual elements such as graphs, charts and tables, but only if they accurately reflect your results and add value for the reader.

C

It is necessary to describe each step of the process you used to gather statistics.

D

The function of the Results section is to objectively present the major findings.

1. 二. 填空题（共1题）

2

填空题

The charts give information about employment in the UK in 1998 and 2012. Please fill in the blanks with the correct form of the following words.

Words: figures; roughly one quarter; significant; drop; increase

The pie charts show the numbers and percentages of men and women in both full-time and part-time employment in the UK in 1988 and 2012. Overall, we can see that all numbers increased but there were _____1____ differences in the proportions for each year.

Firstly, although the number of men in full-time employment was largest in both years, the greatest change was in the number of women working full-time. This ___2___ from 4,482,000 in 1988 to 7,696,000 in 2012. These changes can be seen in the percentages of the total workforce; in 1988, women in full-time employment made up only 19% of working people, but this increased to ___3____ in 2012. As well as the number of people working full-time, the number of people working part-time also increased, with women being the largest number in both years: 5,268,000 and 5,979,000, compared with 1,550,000 and 2,131,000 for men.

In conclusion, apart from female full-time employment and male part-time employment, percentage ___4____ decreased between the two years. Most significantly, men working full-time ____5___ below 50% to 47% in 2012.

第1空：

第2空：

第3空：

第4空：

第5空：

答案：

1. significant
2. increase
3. roughly one quarter
4. figures
5. dropped

5.4

Assignment4.4

题量: 2 满分: 100.0

1. 一. 单选题（共1题）

1

单选题Which of the following statements about the Discussion section is incorrect?B

A

It is necessary to explain the significance of your work to what is already known and what it could mean for future studies in the area.

B

We can introduce new results which have not been reported in the Results section.

C

It is recommended to start this section by reiterating your research problem and concisely summarizing your major findings.

D

With the help of hedges, writers can soften their statements to avoid criticism for being radical or overconfident.

1. 二. 填空题（共1题）

2

填空题

Please fill in the blanks with the correct form of the following words.

be; might; compliments; find; indicate

Showing humility, or modesty as preferred in some literature (e.g., Leech, 1983; Chen, 2020), ___1____ shown to be a valid interactional strategy to acquire liking from interlocutors (Baumeister and Jones, 1978; Schlenker and Leary, 1982b). The display of humility, which avoids or reduces face-threatening acts between interlocutors (Brown and Levinson, 1987), is often evaluated positively. One ____2___ denigrate or dispraise the self to show humility (Gu, 1990; Leech, 1983), which is an important trait in the Chinese context (Chen, 2020; Lee, 2011) and is well documented in studies on Chinese compliment responses (Chen, 1993; Yu, 2003) and academic writing (e.g., Chen, 2020; Chen and Yang, forthcoming). For example, constrained by the traditional social value of self-denigration, Chinese speakers tend to reject the ___3____ to show humility (Chen, 1993). Likewise, Chen (2020) and Chen and Yang (forthcoming) ___4__ that Chinese authors largely avoid using the first-person singular pronoun for single author reference, which ___5_____ the convention for Chinese academic writing motivated by modesty. Concerning humility in humblebrags, several studies have shown that humble self-claims may be evaluated more favorably across time (c.f., O’Mara et al., 2019; Schlenker and Leary, 1982a). By showing humility, speakers may under-represent their own accomplishments (Cialdini and DeNicholas, 1989) or give credit to others or external factors, such as luck (Zuckerman, 1979). Therefore, showing humility or modesty, a key value of Chinese culture, seems to be a safe choice for compliment response (Chen, 1993; Yu, 2003), academic writing (Chen, 2020) and humblebragging.

第1空：

第2空：

第3空：

第4空：

第5空：

答案：

1. might
2. might
3. compliments
4. find
5. indicates

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